This article begins with the grandeur of the Internet of Things advocated by EPCGlobal, and combines the author's participation in some RFID pilot projects to focus on the various system qualities that a typical RFID application system should have and the necessary to meet the quality of these systems. Application architecture features to derive a practical RFID application reference architecture. In addition, through proper tailoring, the RFID application reference architecture described in this paper can be applied to multiple types of RFID application scenarios in various industries, such as RFID application service hosting, enterprise internal RFID applications, RFID information supply chain sharing, and RFID industry information centers.
ForewordRFID (RadioFrequencyIdenTIficaTIon) electronic label technology has been widely used in various fields and links since the emergence of the Second World War in the last century. At present, in China, electronic tags are mainly used in railways, postal services, public security, manufacturing, logistics, tobacco, retail, medicine, financial charges and many other fields. At present, the most successful case of applying electronic tag technology in China is the railway vehicle dispatching system, which is called the automatic number identification system (ATIS). Through the use of electronic label technology, only one truck use fee can increase the annual income by nearly 300 million yuan.
With retail giants such as Wal-Mart, Albertson and Best Buy issuing orders to require top-tier suppliers to enable electronic tag technology by the end of 2005, RFID technology commercials are beginning to enter the fast lane. And the latest news from the world, a number of electronic label suppliers unanimously released the label market price to support GEN2, you can see that compared to the price of the label of 25 cents last year, the label price has dropped a lot, some brands The price of a single piece of the label has fallen below 8 cents. It can be said that the cost pressure of applying RFID technology is gradually being alleviated, and this will further stimulate the popularity of RFID applications.
In the development and promotion of RFID standards, EPCglobal is a non-profit organization established by the industry, jointly invested by the International Article Numbering Association (EAN) and the United States Unified Code Committee (UCC), responsible for the globalization standards of the EPC network. In order to quickly, automatically and accurately identify the goods circulating in the supply chain. At present, the organization plans to establish a huge "Internet of Things" around the world, that is, the coding network of all goods involved in circulation, to achieve full tracking and tracking of goods, through the combination of computer Internet and wireless communication networks, people, computers, goods The rules of behavior in the supply chain network will change, which also indicates that the application prospect of RFID will affect all aspects of human life.
In the next few years, RFID technology will become more popular. In the process, technical issues related to scalability, availability, security, interoperability, integration, management, and messaging are revealed. This article will focus on how to fully consider the existence of these problems in the RFID application planning stage, and effectively solve these problems by constructing an enterprise-level application architecture to meet the diversified and long-term diversified technical requirements of RFID application systems.
Internet of Things frameworkFrom EPCglobal's vision of the Internet of Things, we can see that the composition of an Internet of Things mainly includes the following parts:
1. Electronic product code EPC (ElectricalProductCode)
The electronic product code is used to uniquely identify the goods circulating in the supply chain network. Currently, EPCglobal has developed its coding standards to name these electronic product codes.
2, identification system IDSystem
Electronic tag recognition systems include electronic tags and readers. The electronic tag acts as an electronic product code carrier, and carries out electronic tag information interaction with the reader/writer through RFID radio frequency identification technology. Currently, standards covering this part have also been developed, including packaging standards for electronic tags, standards for data interaction between electronic tags and readers.
3, EPC middleware
EPC middleware enables information interaction between the RFID reader and the back-end application system, capturing real-time information and events, or uplinking to the back-end system, or downstream to the reader. EPC middleware uses a standard protocol and interface, which is the link between the reader and the information system. Currently, the application level event ALE (ApplicaTIonLevelEvent) standard is being developed.
4, found the service DiscoveryService
The EPC information discovery service includes an object naming service ONS (ObjectNamingService) and an accessory service, and obtains EPC data access channel information based on the electronic product code. At present, the root ONS system and the supporting discovery service system are commissioned by EPCglobal to operate and maintain Verisign, and its interface standards are also being formed.
5, EPCIS (EPCInformationService)
EPC information service, enabling end users to exchange EPC information in the IoT environment. Interfaces and standards for EPCIS are also being developed.
The networked technology architecture uses a distributed network architecture that runs on the global Internet, and the builders involved are not only standard-setting organizations and their entrusted units, but also suppliers, logistics service providers, and retailers in the supply chain network. Business, or EPC service hosting provider. This cross-organizational, cross-industry, and global deployment determines the security requirements of the system. At the same time, in order to support EPC data of the global supply chain network, the system needs to be well scalable to meet multiple layers. Implement flexible scalability on multiple nodes; provide sufficient availability to make this system fully commercial; in addition, mentioning how to maintain and manage such a large cross-global IoT, how to simplify system management is also a system builder. Need to face; information exchange and synchronization in a distributed environment requires reliable messaging; how to use these EPC data more effectively, to maximize the business value of the data, you need to integrate with the internal business system.
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