If it looks like a duck and it sounds like a duck, it is mostly a duck.
This less stringent logic is one of the challenges faced by artificial intelligence - the "turing test" - the logic behind it. The test was designed to answer a question: "Can the machine think?"
The genius of Alan Turing, who used to be a cryptographer in World War II, was to realize that although the true perception of the machine is almost unverifiable, the illusion of perception is absolutely testable. He suggested that if a machine's "communication" ability is enough to let users think that they are interacting with a real person, then this machine can be said to have the ability to think. According to recent reports, a supercomputer disguised as a Ukrainian teenager has passed the artificial intelligence Turing benchmark, which dates back to 1960.
In a test designed by the University of Reading in the UK, one-third of the judges believed that he was a textist after a five-minute text conversation with Eugene Goostman. A 13-year-old boy, not an advanced natural language computer program. Organizers say that such advances will create conditions for dangerous new cybercrime, and that the fool will be tricked into using smart machines to get sensitive information.
But people may have doubts about this milestone: the competition was organized by a scholar who loves the limelight, and the results were published at a press conference, not on scientific papers; other groups have previously claimed Spirit test; judges may over-consider a child who is typing in a foreign language; why can a conversation with a teenager (whether real or artificial) be considered an appropriate sensory test?
Regardless of skepticism, the field of artificial intelligence is becoming active again. The goal of artificial intelligence is to develop a machine that can think like humans. A group of companies headed by Google are eager to see the realization of this prospect. Google CEO Larry Page praised the company's recent acquisition of DeepMind. This is a British startup that specializes in “deep learning†and their machines mimic the way the human brain works. Deep learning has been around for decades as a concept, but until recently the machine's processing power began to approach the human brain.
In the past year and a half, Google has also acquired more than a dozen robot companies, and Cheetah, the world's fastest four-legged robot, is now owned by Google. Google also hired Ray Kurzweil, a thinker at the forefront of the times who predicted that "singularity" is coming. The singularity here refers to the point in time when artificial intelligence transcends human intelligence.
In December last year, Facebook set up a new artificial intelligence laboratory and invited the famous computer scientist Yann LeCun to take charge. Baidu, the Chinese search engine, recently hired Andrew Ng, the former head of Google's artificial intelligence, to manage Baidu's deep learning lab in Silicon Valley. Two years ago, Wu Enda trained thousands of cats to "Google Brain, a neural network of 16,000 computers," and taught it to recognize the image of a cat. This time, it made a headline news, because unlike the rule-based algorithms that dominate today in computer computing, Google’s brain has never been able to enter rules for recognizing felines. Google is developing another totem for artificial intelligence - driverless cars.
It feels like an extraordinary moment: After decades of hardship, technology pioneers now have unlimited income and are free from the risk-averse shareholders and governments who are willing to pay the price to simulate human intelligence.
People should be aware that these companies will dominate the field of artificial intelligence. Forgetting the cliché about robots taking over humans, we should think about another question: What happens when bandwidth-constrained humans are forced to stand by in the data-driven future? We are witnessing the origins of autonomous economies driven by artificial intelligence: news aggregators are being linked to autonomous financial trading systems that direct stocks to be traded between machines. Applying an observer's words, when the machine and the machine start a direct dialogue, what else do we need to do?
Turing is expected to have such a strong resistance. He predicts that the detractors will argue that a machine with thinking ability cannot be "harmonious, smart, beautiful, friendly, pioneering, humorous, good at Discerning right and wrong, making mistakes, falling into love..."
But who knows? Even Eugene, the computer program alleged to pass the Turing test, may agree with him.
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