Recently, the US Department of Transportation announced that in response to the security problems brought about by the rapid development of driverless vehicles, the US driverless car policy will be revised in the coming weeks. The U.S. Department of Transportation has always been cautious about the safety of driverless cars. Two years ago, it began to strengthen the supervision of driverless cars, and demanded that driverless cars can only be used for testing, and should not be used on public roads. drive. Nowadays, the development of driverless cars is rapid, and the performance of Google driverless cars in California, Nevada, Michigan and other states has not been able to meet the requirements of driverless car promotion. With adjustments, it is expected that driverless cars will become the focus of discussion on US technology policy in 2016. In the context of the unmanned car has become the trend of the times, not only the United States, Europe, Japan and China are also very concerned about the safety of driverless cars, how to achieve the safe development of driverless cars, but also from regulations, standards and technologies, etc. Prepare in many ways.
First, driverless cars are developing rapidly, and safety is the focus of attention.
(1) Major auto companies and IT giants have laid out driverless cars
Internationally, Toyota, Honda, Mercedes-Benz, BMW, Volvo, GM, Audi, Tesla and other automakers have released unmanned driving plans, most of which have entered the road test phase, and it is expected that the first batch of driverless cars will be put on the market. Around 2020; Google, Apple, Nokia, Qualcomm, Intel's IT companies are not to be outdone, and are aggressively entering the field of driverless cars. Among them, Google's driverless cars are the most prominent. In 2009, Google's driverless cars. The car began to test on the road; in 2012, Google won the first "auto-driving" license in Nevada, USA. The current test mileage has exceeded 2 million kilometers. Only 11 minor accidents caused no casualties have occurred, and none of them are unmanned. The safety caused by the fault of driving a car is excellent. In 2014, Google introduced a low-speed fully automatic model. The car has only two seats and is completely powered by electric power. It adopts only "start" and "end". The subversive design of the buttons.
Domestically, FAW, SAIC, GAC, Geely, BYD (002594, shares) and many other car companies and defense science and technology universities, military transportation colleges, China Aerospace Science and Technology Aerospace Technology Research Institute and other research institutes, universities and universities are involved In the research and development and testing of driving vehicles, in 2011, the Hongqi HQ3 unmanned vehicle independently developed by the National University of Defense Technology completed the high-speed full-range unmanned test from Changsha to Wuhan for 286 kilometers for the first time, with an average speed of 87 km/h and manual intervention mileage. Accounted for 0.78% of the total mileage; in 2012, the driverless car modified by the Military Transportation College completed a 114-kilometre test between Beijing and Tianjin, with an average speed of 79 km/h, except for the human intervention through the toll booth. Driving, the intelligent level of this driverless test is close to the world's advanced level.
(2) Governments attach great importance to the development of driverless vehicles
On the international front, the United States has passed legislation and issued licenses to support the development of driverless cars. In 2011, Nevada passed a law to test the legalization of self-driving cars in the state. In 2012, Google issued the first “auto-driving†license for Google, allowing Google driverless cars to test on the road, followed by California, Florida, and Michigan. They have also passed relevant laws and issued test licenses for driverless cars. In November 2015, the US Department of Transportation plans to revise the US driverless car policy to accommodate the development of driverless cars. With the revision of the 2014 United Nations Convention on Road Traffic, 72 countries including European countries, Mexico, Brazil and Russia will revise road traffic regulations. The original “every driver must always control the driving of the car. "Modified as: As long as there is a driver on the car and can return the car to manual mode at any time, the self-driving car can be allowed to exercise on public roads. The door that marked the driving of driverless cars on these roads was opened.
Domestically, the government encourages the development of driverless cars through multiple channels. The special funds for the development of the Internet of Things have given strong support to the development of driverless vehicles; "Made in China 2025" clearly stated that "by 2020, master the overall technology and key technologies of intelligent assisted driving, and initially establish an independent research and development system for intelligent networked vehicles. And production supporting system; by 2025, master the overall technology of autopilot and various key technologies, establish a relatively complete intelligent networked car independent research and development system, production supporting system and industrial cluster, and basically complete the development goal of the automotive industry transformation and upgrading." In April 2015, the Ministry of Industry and Information Technology proposed to build an intelligent network connection vehicle development platform to promote intelligent network connection vehicles. In July, China's first intelligent network connection vehicle demonstration area will be opened in Shanghai.
(3) The safety of driverless cars has become the focus of controversy
Optimists believe that driverless cars are safer. First of all, the driverless car is set by the sensor to set the road condition and potential danger, and the computer controls various actions, never fatigue, and can always concentrate on "attention" to observe the driving environment. Secondly, driverless cars are responsive, and once they are in danger, they can make timely judgments and take measures such as avoidance and braking. Third, driverless cars will strictly follow the traffic laws and regulations, and will not violate the regulations, thus effectively avoiding traffic accidents caused by violations. It is an important cause of accidents.
The pessimistic side believes that driverless cars are not safe, but will bring new security risks. On the one hand, driverless cars need to be equipped with a large number of sensors and complex control systems. Once a sensor fails or the control system fails, the vehicle may lose control. Imagine a high-speed unmanned car, highlighting the "crash" "I am afraid that an accident is inevitable." On the other hand, a highly intelligent system may become the target of hacker attacks. Once the hacker has control, not only the information of the vehicle and the owner of the vehicle is leaked, but the vehicle may also become a tool for kidnapping the owner, or even maliciously causing traffic accidents, creating terrorist attacks, etc. .
When the driverless car matures, it will be safer. Studies have shown that more than 80% of traffic accidents are related to factors such as fatigue driving, inattention, and misjudgment. The driver's brakes are 1 second later, and the speed of 80 km/h will travel about 22 meters. The consequences can be Imagine it. Unmanned vehicles can automatically detect the risk factors in the driving environment, and automatically take measures such as deceleration, braking, and avoidance to avoid accidents. These processes react more quickly than people. To achieve the above-mentioned safety functions, unmanned vehicles need to solve problems such as regulations, standards, technologies, control system safety and information security.
Handheld Computer,Mobile Computers ,Nfc Terminal Pda, Rugged Android Pda
Guangzhou Winson Information Technology Co., Ltd. , https://www.winsonintelligent.com