At present, the global industrial Internet is accelerating and deepening development. As the key carrier of industrial Internet implementation and ecological construction, the industrial Internet platform is becoming the key direction for the layout of major countries and industries in the world. The industrial Internet platform built by multinational giants represented by GE and Siemens is becoming more mature and accelerating its global promotion.
The world is in the key window of industrial ecology construction, creating an industrial Internet platform that conforms to Chinese characteristics, time is rigorous, tasks are arduous, and mission is great. The government work report of 2018 emphasized that "accelerate the construction of a strong country. Promote the development of integrated circuits, fifth-generation mobile communications, aircraft engines, new energy vehicles, new materials, etc., implement major short-board equipment special projects, develop industrial Internet platforms, and create China made 2025 demonstration zone, which puts new and higher requirements on the development of industrial Internet platform.
Nature, characteristics and architecture
With the integration of the new generation of information and communication technology and manufacturing, the industry competition with platform as the core is expanding from the ICT industry to the manufacturing industry. In the era of mobile Internet, the mobile operating system represented by Apple iOS and Google Android dominates the development of the global ICT industry.
At present, the industrial Internet platform represented by GE Predix and Siemens MindSphere is becoming a must for global manufacturing leaders. Whether it is iOS, Android, or Predix or MindSphere, its essence is based on the operating system to integrate resources of all parties, build an industrial ecology, and consolidate the monopoly of the enterprise.
(1) The essence of the industrial Internet platform: cloud-based open Internet of Things operating system
First of all, from a technical point of view, the industrial Internet platform is essentially an industrial Internet of Things platform. GE and Siemens launched Predix and MindSphere in line with the development trend of all things interconnection, taking equipment management and plant operation as the direction of development, and creating a new manufacturing system with equipment interconnection, data driving, platform support and service value-added. Siemens has positioned MindSphere as a cloud-based open IoT operating system. GE's Industrial Internet Alliance (IIC) released the "Industrial IoT Reference Architecture V1.8" in January 2017, and began to emphasize the concept of "Industrial Internet of Things". .
Secondly, from the development stage, the industrial Internet platform is the 2.0 stage of the industrial cloud platform, and the cloud object extends from the software cloud to the device cloud. The traditional industrial cloud platform emphasizes R&D and design tools such as CAD/CAE and PDM, and the core business systems such as ERP, CRM, and SCM. The industrial Internet platform emphasizes the entire process of manufacturing and manufacturing on the cloud and equipment. For example, Predix promotes aero engines. Gas turbines, medical equipment on the cloud, MindSphere pushes the plant to operate on the cloud.
Third, from the perspective of platform attributes, the industrial Internet platform is an industrial operating system. Predix and MindSphere provide a unified interface for connecting various types of devices, enabling interconnection between different devices, providing a good development and operation environment for various application software, aiming to integrate "solution providers". + Application developer + user "ecological resources, seize the dominant power of industrial big data import, cultivate a large number of developers, build a manufacturing ecosystem based on the industrial Internet platform, and continuously consolidate and strengthen the monopoly of manufacturing.
(II) Characteristics of the Industrial Internet Platform: Network Effect, Matthew Effect and Substitution Effect
As a new industrial infrastructure, the industrial Internet platform determines the global manufacturing competition pattern in the next 10-15 years. It has three typical characteristics: high monopoly, high growth and high substitution.
First, the network effect. The number of people, machines and things connected by the industrial Internet platform is far greater than the number of people connected to the consumer Internet platform. PTC predicts that the number of IOT devices connected will reach 50 billion by 2020. According to Medkaf’s law, it brings The value will also far exceed the consumption Internet platform, and even the industrial Internet platform can be said to be "rich and enemy."
Second, the Matthew effect. When industrial APPs and users on the industrial Internet platform reach a certain scale, they will form a two-way iterative and mutually beneficial bilateral market. The platform will gain explosive growth in a short period of time, forming a competitive situation for winners to take advantage of. . Whoever takes the lead in the industrial Internet platform, who will have the leading power to lead development.
Third, the substitution effect. The industrial Internet platform can greatly reduce the cost and difficulty of enterprise information deployment, which will completely change the implementation path of the two integrations. The platform allows enterprises to enter the comprehensive integration stage with the “fast forward buttonâ€, whether it is in industry 1.0. Enterprises that are still 2.0 or 3.0 will actively or passively enter the "fast lane" of the industrial Internet platform.
(III) Architecture of Industrial Internet Platform: Edge Layer, IaaS, Industrial PaaS, Industrial APP
By analyzing the platform architecture of Predix and MindSphere, the industrial Internet platform includes data acquisition layer, IaaS platform, industrial PaaS platform, and industrial SaaS platform. First, the edge layer is the premise. Constructing a precise, real-time, and efficient data acquisition system through protocol conversion, edge calculation, etc., essentially realizes the explicitization of hidden data in physical space in cyberspace. GE introduced Predix Machine, a data acquisition and conversion module deployed in field sensors, controllers and gateways. Siemens introduced a plug-and-play data access gateway, NanoBox, which supports data collection and cloud aggregation for multi-source devices. Second, the IaaS platform is the foundation. The IaaS platform is mainly to support the storage and calculation of massive industrial data. The IaaS platforms of Predix and MindSphere use Amazon AWS and Microsoft Azure. Third, industrial PaaS is the core.
The industrial PaaS platform is a concentrated expression of platform technology capabilities and the focus of current industrial Internet platform competition. The industrial PaaS platform built by Predix and MindSphere based on the universal PaaS platform is essentially a pool of micro-service components, open API for application services, and supports developers to call in the form of “building blocksâ€. Fourth, industrial APP is the key. It is characterized by the development of industry-specific, specific-specific industrial apps through the invocation and packaging of microservice components. Currently, there are more than 160 industrial apps in the Predix and MindSpher app stores.
main problem
Although China's industrial Internet platform has developed rapidly, a number of platform products and industry applications have emerged. However, overall, the construction started relatively late, and the industrial foundation has yet to be consolidated. Compared with the platforms of international leading enterprises, and the requirements for building and manufacturing powers. There is still a certain gap, mainly in:
From the perspective of the main body of platform construction, there is a lack of leading enterprises with strong comprehensive strength. The industrial Internet platform integrates tens of thousands of types of equipment downwards and carries large-scale industrial application development upwards. It is possible for a leading enterprise with strong comprehensive strength to build a comprehensive industrial ecology based on the industrial Internet platform. There is a lack of industries like GE and Siemens in China. Giants do not have the ability to integrate various resources such as control systems, communication protocols, production equipment, execution systems, management tools, and professional software. Compared with foreign platforms, the domestic platform is mainly limited to vertical segmentation. The data analysis platform construction, developer community construction, and business model innovation capability are still seriously insufficient. The influence of globalization is weaker than that of foreign platforms.
From the perspective of platform construction content, the industrial base capacity is weak. The Industrial Internet Platform is a comprehensive technical system covering industrial technology and information technology and requires strong foundation support. The foundation of China's industrial Internet platform construction is weak:
First, in the edge computing layer, a series of basic industries such as intelligent sensing, automatic control, protocol analysis, and edge intelligence modules necessary for platform development are highly dependent on foreign countries, lacking a complete industry data collection solution.
Second, in the industrial PaaS layer, the industrial mechanism, process flow, model method experience and knowledge accumulation in the industrial field are insufficient, and the micro-services such as algorithm library, model library and knowledge base are insufficient, resulting in functional integrity and model component richness. The development of other aspects is lagging behind.
Third, in the industrial APP layer, the construction of the developer community is lagging behind, the industrial APP development capability needs to be improved, and the industrial ecology of industrial APP development and industrial users mutually promoted and two-way iteration has not yet formed.
From the perspective of platform construction ecology, the synergy mechanism has not yet been formed.
First, the synergistic development mechanism of production, education and research has not yet been formed, and the platform for collaborative research and development and industrialization has not yet formed, which restricts the construction of the industrial Internet platform.
Second, the coordinated development mechanism of regional and enterprise has not yet been formed. The path of promoting the cloud on manufacturing enterprises is still unclear, which restricts the application and promotion of industrial Internet platforms.
Third, the construction of the public service system lags behind. The lack of security support, test verification and standard management in conjunction with the industrial Internet platform restricts the high-quality development of the industrial Internet platform.
Accelerate the construction of an ecosystem
The opportunities for the development of the industrial Internet platform are fleeting. In order to avoid repeating the monopoly of PCs and mobile Internet platforms being overtaken by multinational corporations, it is urgent to accelerate the construction of the industrial ecology of the industrial Internet platform.
First, speed up the implementation of relevant policies. Organize the implementation of industrial Internet platform cultivation project, million industrial APP cultivation project, one million enterprises on cloud project, and millions of equipment on cloud project, to create platform capacity building and platform use of two-way iteration, mutual promotion of technology, industry, talent The supporting system forms a bilateral market for two-way iterations of developers and users. Support industry alliances and platform enterprises to establish test and verification platforms for data acquisition, industrial PaaS, industrial APP, and carry out test verification services such as function, performance, adaptability, security and reliability, and provide basic support for large-scale application of industrial Internet platform. .
The second is to promote the industrial Internet platform to land in local industrial parks. Support the industrial Internet platform to land in the “China Manufacturing 2025†national-level demonstration zone, the national new industrialization industrial demonstration base, the national big data comprehensive experimental zone, the national economic and technological development zone and other industrial clusters, and promote the core equipment and business systems of small and medium-sized enterprises. Cloud migration reduces the cost of informationization construction for SMEs, and at the same time, through the massive use of acceleration platform to improve various functions and improve service capabilities in practice.
The third is to strengthen the construction of open source communities. Organize the implementation of open source community development projects, support leading enterprises to meet the development needs of industry common key technologies and industrial Internet platforms, build open source communities of common open source technologies, codes and development tools, and establish research and development mechanisms for collective development, cooperative innovation, and peer evaluation. Launched the Industrial Internet Platform Developer Entrepreneurship Innovation Competition, actively cultivated the team of industrial APP developers, strengthened the cultivation of composite talents such as industrial big data modeling analysis and industrial application service development, and created a platform-based manufacturing “double innovation†new ecology.
The fourth is to build an industrial support system for the industrial Internet platform. Improve the ability of automatic control industry support, and break through the development bottleneck of key components and technologies such as core chips, drives, fieldbus, and industrial Ethernet. Implement industrial technology software engineering, and promote the research and development and industrialization of core technologies such as industrial control systems, industrial cloud operating systems, and new industrial software. Consolidate the network foundation of the industrial Internet platform, promote the IP, wireless, flat, flexible technology transformation and construction and deployment of the plant intranet, accelerate the deployment of new network technologies such as NB-IoT, and accelerate the virtualization of software-defined networks and network functions. A generation of network technology research and deployment pilots to develop an industrial Internet identity analysis system.
Yuan Xiaoqing
He is a Ph.D. in the Information Technology Research Center of the China Electronics and Information Industry Development Research Institute. He is mainly engaged in research in the fields of manufacturing and Internet convergence, industrial internet, and digital economy. Participated in the drafting of the "Guidance Opinions of the State Council on Deepening the Integration of Manufacturing and Internet Development" and other documents. Published a number of in-depth articles on the Industrial Internet, which attracted the attention of the industry.
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